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Combinatorics

The circulant Hadamard and Barker-sequence conjectures

OpenAI research collection · 1 manuscript · Source checked 2026-10-19

OpenAI's result summary

Proves that real circulant Hadamard matrices exist exactly in orders 1 and 4, resolving the circulant Hadamard conjecture. Together with classical Barker-sequence results, this shows that binary sequences whose nontrivial aperiodic autocorrelations have magnitude at most 1 exist at lengths n > 1 exactly when n∈\{2,3,4,5,7,11,13\}.

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Short excerpts below come from OpenAI's abstracts. The full abstract and original PDF preserve the paper's precise scope.

MANUSCRIPT 01

The circulant Hadamard conjecture

We prove the circulant Hadamard conjecture: a real circulant Hadamard matrix has order 1 or 4. As a consequence, Barker sequences of length greater than one exist exactly at lengths 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 11, 13, proving the Barker-sequence conjecture.

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